Part 1 sets requirements for robot manufacturers: safety-rated stop functions, speed and space limiting, the enabling device on the teach pendant, behaviour after a power loss. Part 2 addresses the integrator who builds the cell, covering guarding, layout, the space a person could be trapped in, and the safety validation before handover.
The split matters commercially. A robot can be compliant on its own while the cell around it is not, so a risk assessment of the whole application is always required.
ISO 10218 also defines the collaborative operation modes, including safety-rated monitored stop, hand guiding, speed and separation monitoring and power and force limiting. In Europe it is a harmonised reference for machinery safety; in the US the equivalent is the ANSI/RIA R15.06 series.
